GALAXY

SYSTEM

A thermodynamic system is a collection of matter which has distinct boundaries.
OR
A real or imaginary portion of universe whish has distinct boundaries is called system.
OR
A thermodynamic system is that part of universe, which is under thermodynamic study.

FOR EXAMPLE:

•    A BALLON FILLED WITH AIR

•    A BEAKER FILLED WITH WATER

TYPES OF SYSTEM

There are three types of thermodynamic systems.

• open system

• closed system

• Isolated system.

OPEN SYSTEM

An open system is one in which both mass & energy transfer takes place across the boundaries.

-  An open tank of water.

CLOSED SYSTEM

A closed system in which there is no transfer of mass takes place across the boundaries of system but    energy transfer is possible.

-  A gas in a balloon.

ISOLATED SYSTEM

An isolated system is that in which there is no transfer of mass & energy takes place across the    boundaries of system.

-   A thermo flask containing hot or cold liquid.

MACROSCOPIC PROPERTIES

All the properties of a system in bulk which are easily measurable are known as macroscopic properties.

TYPES OF MACROSCOPIC PROPERTIES

macroscopic properties can be divided in to two main classes.

- Intensive properties

- Extensive properties

INTENSIVE PROPERTIES

Macroscopic properties of a system, which are independent of mass are known as intensive properties. Whatever is the mass but properties remain unchanged.
FOR EXAMPLE: MELTING POINT, BOILING POINT, DENSITY, TEMPRATURE, PRESSURE, VISCOSITY.

EXTENSIVE PROPERTIES

Macroscopic properties of a system which are strictly dependent on there mass or quantity of matter are    known as extensive properties.